Convertire documenti con Python

Convertire documenti con Python

Versione italiana

Di seguito vedremo come convertire documenti in modo facile e veloce con Pyhton!

1. LibreOffice/UNO (unoconv) - La soluzione più completa

# Installazione su Ubuntu/Debian
sudo apt update
sudo apt install libreoffice python3-uno

# Installazione su macOS (con Homebrew)
brew install libreoffice

# Installazione su Windows:
# Scarica LibreOffice da https://www.libreoffice.org/download/download/

# Installa il wrapper Python
pip install unoconv

Esempio d’uso:

import subprocess

# Converti DOCX a PDF
subprocess.run(['unoconv', '-f', 'pdf', 'documento.docx'])

# Converti ODT a DOCX
subprocess.run(['unoconv', '-f', 'docx', 'documento.odt'])

2. Pandoc - Per documenti semplici (Markdown, LaTeX, ecc.)

# Installazione
sudo apt install pandoc  # Linux
brew install pandoc     # macOS
# Windows: https://pandoc.org/installing.html

pip install pypandoc

Esempio d’uso:

import pypandoc

# Converti Markdown a DOCX
pypandoc.convert_file('input.md', 'docx', outputfile='output.docx')

# Converti LaTeX a PDF
pypandoc.convert_file('input.tex', 'pdf', outputfile='output.pdf')

3. Pure Python Libraries (Zero dipendenze esterne)

a) Per DOCX/ODT:

pip install python-docx odfpy

Esempio conversione ODT → DOCX:

from odfpy import OpenDocument, load
from docx import Document

def odt_to_docx(input_path, output_path):
    doc = Document()
    odt = load(input_path)
    
    for para in odt.getElementsByType('paragraph'):
        doc.add_paragraph(para.getAttribute('text'))
    
    doc.save(output_path)

odt_to_docx('input.odt', 'output.docx')

b) Per PDF:

pip install pdf2docx 

Esempio PDF → DOCX:

from pdf2docx import Converter

cv = Converter('input.pdf')
cv.convert('output.docx', start=0, end=None)
cv.close()

4. Soluzioni alternative specifiche

a) Per fogli di calcolo (CSV/XLSX/ODS):

pip install pandas pyexcel pyexcel-xlsx pyexcel-ods

Esempio CSV → ODS:

import pandas as pd
df = pd.read_csv('input.csv')
df.to_excel('output.ods', engine='odf')

b) Per presentazioni (PPT → PDF):

pip install python-pptx

Esempio PPTX → PDF (richiede unoconv):

import subprocess
subprocess.run(['unoconv', '-f', 'pdf', 'presentazione.pptx'])

5. Docker per ambienti isolati

Se vuoi evitare installazioni di sistema:

docker run -v $(pwd):/convert -it docker.io/libreoffice/headless unoconv -f pdf /convert/documento.docx

Tabella riassuntiva delle alternative:

Formato	Libreria Consigliata	Comando Installazione
DOCX ↔︎ ODT	odfpy + python-docx	pip install odfpy python-docx
PDF ↔︎ DOCX	pdf2docx	pip install pdf2docx
XLSX ↔︎ ODS	pandas	pip install pandas pyexcel-ods
Presentazioni	unoconv (via Docker)	docker pull libreoffice/headless

Consigli finali:

1. Per massima compatibilità: usa LibreOffice/UNO (anche via Docker)
2. Per documenti semplici: Pandoc o soluzioni pure Python
3. Per ambienti senza GUI: prediligi pdf2docx, python-docx, odfpy
4. Evita pywin32 o librerie Windows-specifiche se vuoi cross-platform

English version

Below we will see how to convert documents quickly and easily with Pyhton!

1. LibreOffice/Uno (Unoconv) - The most complete solution

# Installation on Ubuntu/Debian 
SUDO APT UPDATE 
SUDO APT Install LibreOffice Python3-no 

# Installation on macOS (with homebrew) 
Brew Install LibreOffice 

# Installation on Windows: 
# Download LibreOffice from https://www.libreoffice.org/ownload/download/ 

# Install the Wrapper Python 
Pip Install Unoconv 

Example of use:

import subprocess 

# Convert Docx to PDF 
Subprocess.run (['Unoconv', '-f', 'pdf', 'document.docx']) 

# Convert ODT to Docx 
Subprocess.run (['Unoconv', '-f', 'docx', 'document.odt']) 

2. Pandoc - For simple documents (Markdown, Latex, etc.)

# Installation 
SUDO APT Install Pandoc # Linux 
Brew Install Pandoc # MacOS 
# Windows: https://pandoc.org/installing.html 

Pip Install Pypandoc 

Example of use:

import pypandoc 

# Convert Markdown to Docx 

pypandoc.convert_file ('input.md', 'docx', outputfile = 'output.docx') 

# Convert Latex to PDF 

pypandoc.convert_file ('input.tex', 'pdf', outputfile = 'output.pdf') 

3. Pure Python Libraries (zero external addictions)

A) For DOCX/ODT:

Pip Install Python-Docx Odfpy 

Example conversion ODT → Docx:

from Odfpy import opendocument, Load 
from Docx Import Document 

Def Odt_to_Docx (Input_path, output_path): 
DOC = Document () 
Odt = Load (input_path) 

for para in ODT.Getelementsbytyype ('paragraph'): 
Doc.Add_paragraph (Para.Getattribute ('Text')) 

Doc.save (Output_path) 

Odt_to_docx ('input.odt', 'output.docx') 

B) For PDF:

PIP Install PDF2DOCX 

Example PDF → Docx:

from pdf2docx import converter 

cv = converter ('input.pdf') 
CV.Convert ('Output.docx', start = 0, end = none) 
cv.close () 

4. Specific alternative solutions

A) for calculation sheets (CSV/XLSX/ODS):

PIP Install Pandas Pyexcel Pyexcel-Xlsx Pyexcel-Ods 

Example CSV → ODS:

import pandas as pd 
DF = PD.Read_csv ('input.csv') 
DF.TO_EXCEL ('Output.ods', Engine = 'Odf') 

B) For presentations (PPT → PDF):

PIP Install Python-AppTx 

Example PPTX → PDF (requires UNOCONV):

import subprocess 
Subprocess.run (['Unoconv', '-f', 'pdf', 'presentation.pptx']) 

5. Docker for isolated environments

If you want to avoid system installations:

Docker Run -V $ (PWD):/convert -it docker.io/libreoffice/headless unoconv -f pdf /convert/documento.docx 

Summary table of alternatives:

Format	Recommended library	Installation command
DOCX ↔︎ ODT	ODFPY +Python-Docx	PIP Install Odfpy Python-Docx
PDF ↔︎ DOCX	PDF2DOCX	PIP Install PDF2DOCX
XLSX ↔︎ ODS	Pandas	PIP Install Pandas Pyexcel-Ors' | | Presentations |UNOCONV(via Docker) |Docker Pull LibreOffice/Headless’

Final tips **:

1. For maximum compatibility: USA ** LibreOffice/One ** (also via Docker)
2. For simple documents: ** Pandoc ** or Pure Python solutions
3. For GUI without environments: Predere PDF2DOCX,Python-Docx, Odfpy
4. Avoid Pywin32 or Windows-Specific bookcases if you want cross-platform

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